In a large bowl, whisk together warm milk, sugar, and yeast. Let it sit for 10 minutes until foamy.
Stir in melted butter, egg, salt, and cardamom.
Gradually mix in flour until a soft, slightly tacky dough forms. Knead for 8–10 minutes until smooth and elastic.
Cover and let rise for 1–1½ hours or until doubled in size.
In a small bowl, mix softened butter, brown sugar, cardamom, and orange zest until smooth.
Roll the dough into a large rectangle (about 12×20 inches).
Spread filling evenly. Fold the dough lengthwise in thirds (like a letter).
Cut into 12 strips, twist each strip, and shape into knots or coils.
Place knots on a parchment-lined baking sheet, cover, and rise 30–45 minutes.
Preheat oven to 375°F. Brush buns with egg wash and sprinkle with pearl sugar.
Bake 15–20 minutes or until golden brown.
In a small bowl, whisk powdered sugar, orange juice, and zest until smooth. Add milk if needed for a drizzling consistency.
Let buns cool slightly before drizzling generously with orange glaze.
